This is a column published in the Putnam Herald on Wednesday, June 5th.
Some
years ago, I spent a summer vacation in Northern France .
We stayed in a small hotel on the coast and I clearly remember walking along a
wide, buff-colored beach in the early morning sun. It was warm, the sky was
blue, the ocean calm and the sand was almost deserted apart from a few families
scattered here and there below the low bluffs, above which seagulls lazily
circled. It was an idyllic scene but, seventy-five years ago tomorrow it would
have looked very different.
At that
time Germany was in control
of most of Europe . The bluffs above the beach
were festooned with barbed wire, protecting big gun emplacements and numerous
machine-gun nests, while at the tideline steel, concrete and mined wooden
obstacles stood waiting for any unwary craft that came near them.
The
craft did come, many hundreds of them, each carrying dozens of young Americans.
These were soldiers of the 29th Infantry Division and that morning
they landed on the beach that, by the end of the day, would have earned the
name “Bloody Omaha”.
This
was D Day, June 6, 1944 and the Allied invasion of Europe
was on. The landings had started in the dark hours just after midnight when
around 15,500 men of the US
82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions dropped from the skies
into the darkness of the Normandy
countryside.
These
paratroops, along with their British comrades, spread chaos among the German
units along the coast, helping to prepare for the 156,000 allied soldiers who
poured ashore from the numerous ships and landing craft.
In some
places these seaborne warriors found little resistance, some of the Canadian
troops were already pushing inland within an hour of the landings, but the
34,250 men who stormed on to Omaha
beach the situation was different. Here, only two tanks made it ashore and the
artillery, mortar and machine-gun fire from the well-prepared enemy positions
was devastating.
Around
four and a half thousand of the invaders became casualties that day with almost
half of them falling on Omaha
beach. Among those who made the ultimate sacrifice were several from West Virginia and the
initial casualty list of those killed in action bore thirty-eight names from
all over the state, although there were hundreds of other Mountaineers who were
there of course.
One of
the first to land was Sergeant Clifford Carwood Lipton, a native of Huntington . He served as
jumpmaster on a C47 and parachuted into the swampy fields of Normandy with the rest of Easy Company of
the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, the unit made famous by the
HBO series “Band of Brothers.’
Lipton
landed in darkness away from his drop zone but soon made contact with other
members of his unit. He was in action all through the long day that ensued and,
as nightfall came he’d earned a purple heart after being wounded by shrapnel
and a bronze star for his actions in silencing an enemy artillery battery at
Brecourt Manor. He fought on throughout the rest of the war, earning two more
purple hearts and a second bronze star as well as a battlefield commission. He
finished the war as a First Lieutenant and passed away in 2001.
Lipton
wasn’t the only West Virginian jumping into the unknown that night. Harrison Summers of Rivesville in Marion County
was with the 502nd Regiment of the 101st Airborne and his
unit swiftly seized their objective. Summers was then tasked with capturing a
group of buildings. These proved to be a German barracks and with just two
companions Summers attacked them. Five hours later he’d captured them, killed
31 of the enemy and sent many more running for their lives. He was recommended
for the Congressional Medal of Honor at the time and again after his death in
1983 but received the Distinguished Service Cross instead. He too finished the
war as a First Lieutenant and spent the rest of his life working in West Virginia ’s coal mines.
As dawn
broke and Lipton and Summers were fighting near the Normandy
town of Carentan , Pierre Gunnoe from Boone County was with
his unit, the 5th Ranger Battalion, in a landing craft approaching
the Dog Green sector of Omaha
Beach . This was the most heavily
defended sector of the whole invasion coast and the unit started to take
casualties before they came ashore at around 6:30. The survivors reached the
beach and stormed a pillbox to open the way for the waves of men behind them.
Gunnoe was lucky, he received a minor flesh wound but the rest of his unit
suffered more than 75% casualties. Gunnoe was to be wounded another 4 times and
passed away in 2000.
These
were just three of the West Virginians who took part in the invasion
seventy-five years ago, there were many others from the Mountain State
who played their part too. George Wehrle, for instance, was a seaman aboard the
heavy cruiser USS Tuscaloosa. He didn’t land in France
that day but he left a diary detailing the aerial assault and how his ship
moved in toward the shore to provide supporting fire for the ground troops
despite being targeted by enemy shore batteries.
Vincent
Di Bacco from Tucker County
wasn’t in the first waves of the assault, he was a medic who landed on Omaha Beach
with an engineering battalion around 10:00 a.m. He later described the scene
that met his eyes as “something from hell.” The assault troops were pinned down
all along the shore line, the mortar and machine gun fire was incessant and
there were so many wounded he worked non-stop until well into the night. Di
Bacco was lucky, he survived the war, as did his two brothers, who also served.
Hundreds
of West Virginian natives were there seventy-five years ago. Unfortunately most
of them have gone to a better place now but their deeds will be remembered
tomorrow. President Trump will be taking part in the commemorative services as
will members of the Royal Family and representatives of the governments of many
of the countries whose men and women played a part in freeing the world from
tyranny. Once again the boats will come ashore and the planes will roar
overhead, one of them carrying at least two men in their nineties who will be
making tandem jumps with the British parachute display team and who last
parachuted into Normandy in 1944.
Many
years have passed and the world is a different place, but it’s different
because of what these men did and so it’s only right that we should remember
them on this anniversary of their sacrifice. Remember them and those who
continue to serve to ensure we keep our hard won freedom.